CPC National Collection Plant Profile

Napaea dioica

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CPC National Collection Plant Profile

Napaea dioica


Family: 
Malvaceae  
Common Name: 
glade mallow
Author: 
L.
Growth Habit: 
Forb/herb
CPC Number: 
2925

Distribution
Protection
Conservation
References


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Napaea dioica is Not Sponsored
Primary custodian for this plant in the CPC National Collection of Endangered Plants is: 
Lindsey Parsons contributed to this Plant Profile.

 
Napaea dioica


This mallow species produces attractive white flowers in June and July (NatureServe Explorer 2002) and is cultivated for ornamental purposes by a number of nurseries. After the last glaciation, N. dioica expanded its range via riparian corridors (Botany2001 website 2002). Its range has become extremely limited as its habitat is ideal for farming and so has been plowed throughout most of its historic range (NatureServe Explorer 2002). As populations have become more fragmented and isolated from each other, riparian corridors have again become increasingly important in maintaining gene flow in this population (Botany2001 website 2002).

Distribution & Occurrence

State Range
  Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Minnesota
Ohio
Wisconsin
State Range of  Napaea dioica
Habitat
  It is often found in alluvial meadows along streams and rivers or in areas of moist, rank, weedy vegetation, sometimes including shrubs (WIS 2002, NatureServe Explorer 2002).

In Illinois Actinomeris alternifolia, Amorpha fruticosa, Campanula americana, Celtis occidentalis, Elymus virginicus, Eupatorium rugosum, Rudbeckia laciniata, Silphium perfoliatum are considered associate species (Swink and Wilhelm 1979). In Wisconsin associates include Silphium perfoliatum, Thalictrum dasycarpum, Aster spp., Solidago spp., and Helianthus spp (NatureServe Explorer 2002).

Distribution
  District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Ohio, Vermont, Wisconsin, and Virginia (NatureServe 2001).

Number Left
  unknown

Protection

Global Rank:  
G4
 
10/2/2006
Guide to Global Ranks
Federal Status:  
RT
 
1/19/1996
Guide to Federal Status
Recovery Plan:  
No
 

State/Area Protection
  State/Area Rank Status Date  
  Illinois S3 9/28/1989  
  Indiana S2 ST 9/11/1986  
  Iowa S2.1 T 2/29/1988  
  Minnesota E T 11/15/1995  
  Ohio S3  
  Wisconsin S3 NONE 6/23/1992  

Conservation, Ecology & Research

Ecological Relationships
  Pollinators include several genera of Hymenopterans: Bombus, Lasioglossum, and Andreana; and Dipterans from the Syrphidae and Calliphoridae.

Threats
  Destruction of habitat for agriculture
Flood control

Current Research Summary
  J.P. Wenger and J.C. La Duke presented a paper at the 2001 botany meeting providing genetic data (based on microsatellite markers) highlighting the importance of riparian corridors in maintaining healthy population dynamics of N. dioica by allowing gene flow between populations and providing access to new areas for expansion after the last glaciation. (Wenger and LaDuke 2001)

Current Management Summary
  The Illinois Department of Conservation: Natural Heritage Division began monitoring N. dioica in 1988 as part of its endangered plant monitoring system

Research Management Needs
  Nearly all aspects of the life cycle of this species are unknown
The potential for asexual reproduction
The existence of seed banks for this species
The cause of the edge affect on seed set in habitat fragments (reduced set at edges)
Light requirements for sexual reproduction
Optimal habitat conditions
Maintenance of free-flowing streams which are thought to provide good conditions for seedling establishment
Protection of riparian corridors

Ex Situ Needs
  Controlled studies of germination requirements and seedling establishment

References

Books (Single Authors)

Deam, C.M. 1984. Flora of Indiana. Indianapolis, Indiana: Division Forestry, Department of Conservation. 1236p.

Gleason, H.A. 1952. The New Britton and Brown illustrated flora of the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. New York, NY: Hafner Press. 1732p.

Gray, A.; Fernald, M.L. 1987. Gray's manual of botany: a handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Portland, Or.: Dioscorides Press. 1632p.

Swink, F.; Wilhelm, G. 1994. Plants of the Chicago Region. Lisle, Illinois: The Morton Arboretum. 922p.

Books (Sections)

Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the U.S., Canada, and Greenland. In: Kartesz, J.T.; Meacham, C.A., editors. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden. Chapel Hill, NC.

Conference Proceedings

Wenger, J.P.; La Duke, J.C. Genetic structure and isolation-by-distance suggest a role for riparian corridors in the post-glacial natural history of Napaea dioica L. (Malvaceae). Botany 2001 "Plants and People"; August 12 - 16, 2001; Albuquerque Convention Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico. 2001.

Electronic Sources

WIS. (2002). Wisconsin Vascular Plants--on species, including maps and photos. Wisconsin State Herbarium: University of Wisconsin - Madison (WIS). http://www.botany.wisc.edu/wisflora/. Accessed: 2002.

Journal Articles

Bunten, E.I. 1930. Studies on Sex Determination in Napea dioica. American Doctoral Dissertations. Source code: S0262: page 0066.

Iltis, H.H. 1963. Napaea dioica (Malvaceae): whence came the type?. American Midland Naturalist. 70, 90-109

Krebs, G. 1993. On the taxonomic status of Napaea dioica L. Feddes Repertorium. 104, 7-8: 465-467.

Root, T.W. 1985. Addition to the vascular flora of Rock Island County Illinois USA. Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science. 78, 3-4: 281-284.

Schwegman, J.E. 1988. Illinoensis. Newsletter of the Illinois Native Plant Conservation Program. 4, 1: 4?.

Utech, F.H. 1970. Preliminary reports on the flora of Wisconsin. No. 60. Tiliaceae and Malvaceae - basswood and mallow families. Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters. 58: 301-332.

Wieboldt, T.F.; Fleming, G.P.; Ludwig, J.C.; Huber, F.C. 1998. Virginia. Castanea. 63, 1: 82-91.

Reports

Robertson, Kenneth R.; Phillippe, Loy R. 1992. The current status of Napaea dioica L. in Illinois. Champaign, Illinois: Illinois Natural History Survey. p.14. Center for Biodiversity Technical Report 1992(3).

TNC. 1987. The Nature Conservancy Stewardship Abstracts. The Nature Conservancy. p.104.


  This profile was updated on 3/4/2010
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