CPC National Collection Plant Profile
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Galactia smallii
Family: |
Fabaceae |
Common Name: |
small's milk-pea |
Author: |
H.J. Rogers ex Herndon |
Growth Habit: |
Vine, Forb/herb |
CPC
Number: |
1973 |
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Primary
custodian for this plant in the CPC National Collection of Endangered
Plants is: |
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Jennifer Possley contributed to this Plant Profile. |
Galactia smallii
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Galactia smallii is a delicate, trifoliate sprawling herb with pink or lavender pea-like flowers (Avery and Loope 1980, Herndon 1981, Isley 1990). It is endemic to Miami-Dade County's rare pine rockland ecosystem (Hainds et al. 1999, Coil 2000, Fisher 2000). Currently, G. smallii is known from only 6 sites, but a few more populations likely exist on private land (USFWS 1999).
Distribution
& Occurrence |
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State Range
Habitat
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Pine rocklands, in areas with higher elevation and lower shrub cover than preferred by other Galactia spp (O'Brien 1997, 1998). |
Distribution
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G. smallii is known from Miami-Dade County, Florida (O'Brien 1997). |
Number Left
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There are six known populations of G. smallii left in Miami-Dade County. Most of these have less than 50 plants (Fisher 2000). There is no information on the number or status of privately owned populations. |
State/Area
Protection
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State/Area |
Rank |
Status |
Date |
|
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Florida |
S1 |
LE |
4/12/1990 |
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Conservation,
Ecology & Research |
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Ecological
Relationships
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• Known pollinators are three species of bees, one species of wasp, and the Cassius blue butterfly (Leptotes cassius theonus) (USFWS 1999)
• This species flowers more profusely after a burn (USFWS 1999) |
Threats
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• Habitat loss and fragmentation
• Encroachment of the exotic species Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) and cane grass (Neyraudia reynaudiana) (O'Brien and Koptur 1995).
• Fire suppression |
Current Research Summary
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J. O'Brien (1997, 1998) studied habitat preferences as part of a M.S. thesis at Florida International University. |
Current Management Summary
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G. smallii is found on private lands as well as land owned and managed by Miami-Dade County.
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Research Management Needs
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Management and research needs include population identification and protection on private lands and potential locations for reintroduction. Research and implementation of fire management is also needed. |
Ex Situ Needs
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Fairchild Tropical Garden has a small ex situ collection of G. smallii. More seed collection and/or propagation would be needed if an outplanting were to take place.
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Books (Single Authors)
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Coile, N.C. 2000. Notes on Florida's Regulated Plant Index (Rule 5B-40), Botany Contribution 38. Gainesville, Florida: Florida Dept. of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry.
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FNAI. 2000. Field Guide to the Rare Plants and Animals of Florida online. Florida Natural Areas Inventory.
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Isely, D. 1990. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. 258p.
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Small, J.K. 1933. Manual of the southeastern flora. New York, NY: Hafner Publishing Company. 1505p.
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Conference Proceedings
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O'Brien, J.J.; Koptur, S. The ecology of rare and common Galactia species (Fabaceae) native to South Florida pine rocklands [abstract]. 1995 annual meeting of the Botanical Society of America and the American Institute of Biological Sciences; 6-10 August 1995; San Diego, California, USA . American Journal of Botany 82:6. 1995.
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Electronic Sources
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USFWS. (1990). Endangered and Threatened Species Accounts. [Web page] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Endangered Species. http://ecos.fws.gov/servlet/TESSSpeciesQuery. Accessed: 2002.
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USGS. (2002). Status of Listed Species and Recovery Plan Development. [Web site] USGS: Norther Prairie Wildlife Research Center. http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/distr/others/recoprog/plant.htm. Accessed: 2002.
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Journal Articles
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Hainds, M.J.; Mitchell, R.J.; Palik, B.J.; Boring, L.R.; Gjerstad, D.H. 1999. Distribution of native legumes (Leguminoseae) in frequently burned longleaf pine (Pinaceae)-wiregrass (Poaceae) ecosystems. American Journal of Botany. 86, 11: 1606-1614.
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Herndon, A. 1981. Galactia smallii: a new name for G. prostrata Small. Rhodora. 83: 471-472.
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O’Brien, J.J. 1994. Research on south Florida Galactia (Fabaceae). Plant Conservation. 8, 1
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O'Brien, J.J. 1998. The distribution and habitat preferences of rare Galactia species (Fabaceae) and Chamaesyce deltoidea subspecies (Euphorbiaceae) native to southern Florida pine rockland. Natural Areas Journal. 18, 3: 208-222.
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USFWS. 1984. Five Florida Plants. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 9, 12: 7, 10.
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USFWS. 1984. Notice of Finding on 6 Petitions. Federal Register. 49, 126: 28583-28585.
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USFWS. 1984. Proposed Endangered Status for Five Florida Pine Rockland Plants. Federal Register. 49, 217: 44507-44512.
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USFWS. 1985. Endangered and threatened Status for Five Florida PIne Rockland Plants. Federal Register. 50, 138: 29345-29349.
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USFWS. 1985. Final Listings: Five Rockland Plants. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 10, 8: 1, 5-6.
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Reports
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Avery, G.N.; Loope, L.L. 1980. Endemic taxa in the flora of south Florida. Report T-558. U.S. National Park Service, South Florida Research Center, Everglades National Park: p.Pages 5-6.
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Fisher, J. 2000. Demography of Pine Rockland Endangered Plant Taxa in Miami-Dade County. Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Division of Forestry: Statewide Endangered and Threatened Plant Conservation Program.
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Gordon, D. 1992. Element stewardship abstract for pine rockland community. Arlington, Virginia: The Nature Conservancy. Unpublished.
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Kernan, C. 1999. Demography of Some South Florida Ecosystem Endangered Plants. Tallahassee, Florida: Florida Division of Forestry: Statewide Endangered and Threatened Plant Conservation Program.
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Martin, D.; Hardin, E.D. 1992. Small's milkpea, Galactia smallii. Jacksonville and Tallahassee, FL: Unpublished report to the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and Florida Division of Forestry. p.3.
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USFWS. 1988. Recovery plan for five pine rockland plant species. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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USFWS. 1999. South Florida Multi-species Recovery Plan. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Southeast Region.
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Theses
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O'Brien, J.J. 1997. The habitat preferences of rare and common Galactia species (Fabaceae) native to south Florida pine rocklands with a discussion of flowering plant endemism in Florida. [M.S. Thesis]: Florida International University.
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This
profile was updated on 3/4/2010 |
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