National Collection of Imperiled Plants

CPC National Collection Plant Profile

Photographer:

Meghan Fellows

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CPC National Collection Plant Profile

Forestiera segregata var. pinetorum

Family:	Oleaceae
Common Names:	Florida forestiera, Florida pinewood privet, Florida privet, Florida swamp privet, pineland privet, wild olive
Author:	(Small) M.C. Johnston
Growth Habit:	Perennial
CPC Number:	1935

Distribution
Protection
Conservation
References

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Photographer: Meghan Fellows

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Photographer:

Forestiera segregata var. pinetorum is Not Sponsored

Primary custodian for this plant in the CPC National Collection of Endangered Plants is:

Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden

Meghan Fellows contributed to this Plant Profile.

Forestiera segregata var. pinetorum

Forestiera segregata is a shrubby-tree that can grow up to ten feet in height. It has smooth, pale bark and a dense crown made up of opposite two-colored leaves (shiny, dark green above & dull below) (Scurlock 1992). The flowers are small, greenish-yellow, and composed mostly of showy stamens. The plants are evergreen to semi-deciduous, dioecious, and require full sun (Huegel, undated; Plant Creations 2001). They have a wide pH tolerance, and a medium salt tolerance (Huegel, undated). The small purple to black fruits are eaten by birds. Although Forestiera segregata does tolerate moderate to cold temperatures, it is not found in areas subject to freezing (Huegel, undated).

Distribution & Occurrence

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State Range

Florida
Georgia

Habitat

F. segregata var. pinetorum can be found growing in Hammocks
Pine rocklands, Shell mounds and Coastal habitats (Hild and Morgan 1993, Dreesen and Harrington 1997)

Distribution

Forestiera segregata var. pinetorum is known from Florida, Georgia and Bermuda (Dreesen and Harrington 1997).

Number Left

There are 76-82 locations with one or more individuals in South Florida alone. Interestingly, Forestiera segregata is listed as a dominant species on Mound Key, a unique island thought to have been created as a midden (Todd 1975).
There are an unknown number of individuals/populations outside of south Florida.
Taxonomists now consider Forestiera segregata var. pinetorum to be a synonym for the much more widely distributed Forestiera segregata, a facultative wetland plant.

Protection

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Global Rank:	G4T2	7/6/2000	Guide to Global Ranks
Federal Status:	SC		Guide to Federal Status
Recovery Plan:	No

State/Area Protection

State/Area	Rank	Status	Date

Conservation, Ecology & Research

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Ecological Relationships

The fruit (purple-black flesh covering an olive-like seed) is consumed by birds. The flowers are a good source of nectar (Maple Street Natives 2002). Bees and wasps have been observed visiting the flowers in the Fairchild Tropical Garden ex situ collection. The plant is self-incompatible and dioceous. Forestiera segregata is weedy in Fairchild Tropical Garden's conservation collection -- often appearing as "volunteers" in other pots (S. Carrara, pers. comm.).
The related species, Forestiera neomexicana has been subject to experimental propagation techniques. Pine bark mulching in pots had no effect on the growth or survival after 18 months (Hild and Morgan 1993). However, planting pots may not be necessary, as F. neomexicana was successfully propagated using "poles" (dormant wood) (Dreesen and Harrington, 1997).

Threats

The plant is not currently threatened, although its preferred habitat is threat for development. If allowed, development could endanger the future of Forestiera segregata var. pinetorum.

Current Research Summary

Fairchild Tropical Garden is unaware of any current research.

Current Management Summary

Fairchild Tropical Garden is unaware of any current management.

Research Management Needs

In south Florida, the preferred habitats are under constant threat of development, invasion by exotics, and fragmentation, which may result in threatening F. segregata in the future. Forestiera segregata is a good candidate for restoration sites as it appears to be easily propagated and cultivated (as evidenced by its use in native plant nurseries). Research into ecosystem functioning, restoration and habitat support of the ecosystems F. segregata is found in could be useful to ensure long-term health.

Ex Situ Needs

There are less than 25 plants in the Fairchild Tropical Garden ex situ collection.

References

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Books (Single Authors)

Scurlock, J.P. 1992. Native Trees and Shrubs of the Florida Keys: A Field Guide. Lower Sugarloaf Key, Florida: Laurel & Hegbert, Inc. 219p.

Conference Proceedings

Todd, S.D. A floristic assessment of Mound Key. Abstract Presented at : 39th Annual Meeting of the Florida Academy of Sciences; 20 Mar 1975; Florida Southern College, Lakeland, FL (USA). 1975.

Electronic Sources

(2002). Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants. [Web site] University of South Florida Institute for Systematic Botany. http://www.plantatlas.usf.edu/isb/default.htm. Accessed: 2008.

(2002). Hammock Plants. Plant Creations, Inc. http://www.plantcreations.com/hammock.htm. Accessed: 2002.

(2002). Landscape Shrubs for Florida's Central East Coast. Maple Street Natives, West Melbourne, Florida. http://www.maplestreetnatives.com/shrubs.htm. Accessed: 2002.

Denton, S. (2001). Photo Library of Native and Naturalized Plants of Florida. Biological Research Associates. http://www.biolresearch.com/Plants/index.php?id=C. Accessed: 2002.

Hammer, R. (2002). Attracting Birds to Your Garden. Fairchild Tropical Garden. http://www.fairchildgarden.org/horticulture/habitatplants.html. Accessed: 2002.

Journal Articles

Hild, A.L.; Morgan, D.L. 1993. Mulch effects on crown growth of five southwestern shrub species. Journal of Environmental Horticulture. 11, 1: 41-43.

USFWS. 1976. Proposed Endangered Status for 1700 U.S. Plants. Federal Register. 41: 24523-24572.

Reports

Dreesen, D.R.; Harrington, J.T. 1997. Propagation of native plants for restoration projects in the southwestern U.S. - preliminary investigations. U.S. Forest Service General Technical Report PNW. 0 (419) 77-88.

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This profile was updated on 3/4/2010