CPC National Collection Plant Profile

Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum

Photographer:
Copyright N.H. Cheatham

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CPC National Collection Plant Profile

Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum


Family: 
Brassicaceae  
Common Names: 
Contra Costa wallflower, sanddune wallflower
Author: 
(Greene) G. Rossb.
Growth Habit: 
Forb/herb
CPC Number: 
1828

Distribution
Protection
Conservation
References


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Erysimum capitatum var. angustatumenlarge
Photographer: Copyright N.H. Cheatham
Image Owner: FWS

Erysimum capitatum var. angustatumenlarge
Photographer: Paul Opler
Image Owner: fr. Smithsonian


Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum is Not Sponsored
Primary custodian for this plant in the CPC National Collection of Endangered Plants is: 

 
Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum


This species is considered a desert relic type that, along with a small group of other plant species, forms the base of the unique plant community found at Antioch Dunes. These dunes were declared critical habitat for both this wallflower and the rare Antioch Dunes evening-primrose (Oenothera deltoides ssp. howellii, also part of the National Collection) in the late 1970’s to protect them from potentially harmful activities. Agricultural and industrial development has destroyed 90% of the original 500 acres of the Antioch Dunes. (USFWS 1978) The yellow and orange flowers of this species are so beautiful that it was chosen to be one of four native wildflowers depicted on a set of stamps released in 1979. (USFWS 1979c)

Distribution & Occurrence

State Range
  California
State Range of  Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum
Habitat
  Stabilized interior sand dunes, sparsely covered with vegetation (USFWS 1978c).

Distribution
  The Antioch Dunes of Contra Costa Co., California (USFWS 1978c).

Number Left
  Two sites in the Antioch Dunes along the San Joaquin River east of Antioch, Contra Costa County. In 1977, only 28 individuals were known to exist (USFWS 1978c)

Protection

Global Rank:  
G5T1
 
12/11/1998
Guide to Global Ranks
Federal Status:  
LE
 
10/24/1996
Guide to Federal Status
Recovery Plan:  
Yes
 
3/21/1980

State/Area Protection
  State/Area Rank Status Date  
  California S1.1 1  

Conservation, Ecology & Research

Ecological Relationships
  Pollination rates and seed predation by insects have substantially reduced seed set in the wild. (CDFG 2002)

Threats
  Off-road vehicles (ORV's)
Invasive exotics
Habitat destruction via development
Sand mining
Potential sale of large portions of the protected Reserve as of 1996
(Skinner & Pavlik 1997)

Current Research Summary
  Pavlik (1993) determined that Erysimum capitatum ssp. angustatum had an adequate seed bank to buffer it against stochastic events and the erosion of genetic diversity.

Current Management Summary
  • Protected by the Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge.
• According to Steve Edwards at Regional Parks Botanical Garden, the USFWS is putting together an extensive management plan and program.

Research Management Needs
  Restoration and continued protection of the Antioch Dune system for the protection of this species and the protection of the many other threatened and endangered organisms that are endemic to this habitat. (NatureServe 2001)

Ex Situ Needs
  • Maintain a genetically representative seed bank.

References

Books (Single Authors)

Skinner, M.W.; Pavlik, B.M. 1997. Inventory of rare and endangered vascular plants of California: Electronic Inventory Update of 1994, 5th edition. Sacramento: California Native Plant Society.

Books (Sections)

Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the U.S., Canada, and Greenland. In: Kartesz, J.T.; Meacham, C.A., editors. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden. Chapel Hill, NC.

Pavlik, B.M. 1994. Demographic monitoring and the recovery of endangered plants. In: Bowles, M.L.; Whelan, C., editors. Recovery and Restoration of Endangered Species. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. p 322-350.

Electronic Sources

CalPhotos. (2002). CalPhotos: Berkely Digital Library Project. University of California, Berkeley. http://elib.cs.berkeley.edu/photos/. Accessed: 2002.

CDFG. (2002). California's Plants and Animals, Threatened and Endangered Plants. List and Species Accounts. California Department of Fish and Game, Habitat Conservation Planning Branch. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/hcpb/species/t_e_spp/teplant/teplanta.shtml. Accessed: 2002.

NatureServe. (2008). NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. [Internet].Version 7.0. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. http://www.natureserve.org/explorer. Accessed: (June 17, 2008).

USFWS. (2001). Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge Planning Update 4, August 2001. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. http://pacific.fws.gov/planning/Antioch/antioch%20update%204p65.pdf. Accessed: 2002.

USFWS. (2002). Some Threatened & Endangered Plants Found Mainly in California. Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. http://sacramento.fws.gov/es/plant_spp_accts/acctplant.htm. Accessed: 2002.

Journal Articles

Pavlik, B.M.; Ferguson, N.; Nelson, M. 1993. Assessing Limitations On The Growth Of Endangered Plant-Populations 2. Seed Production And Seed Bank Dynamics Of Erysimum Capitatum ssp. angustatum and Oenothera deltoides ssp howellii. Biological Conservation. 65, 3: 267-278.

USFWS. 1976. Proposed Endangered Status for 1700 U.S. Plants. Federal Register. 41: 24523-24572.

USFWS. 1978. Critical habitat set for two California plants. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 3, 9: 1, 9.

USFWS. 1978. Determination that 11 plant taxa are endangered species and 2 plant taxa are threatened species. Federal Register. 43, 81: 17910-17916.

USFWS. 1978. Furbish Lousewort Among 13 Plant Taxa Newly Listed by Service for Protection. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 3, 5: 1, 7-8.

USFWS. 1979. Regional Briefs--Region 1. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 4, 10: 2.

USFWS. 1979. Regional Briefs--Regions 1 and 2. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 4, 3: 2.

USFWS. 1979. Stamps commemorate endangered flora. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 9, 5: 1.

USFWS. 1980. Antioch Dunes acquired for butterfly and two plant species. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 10, 4: 1, 6-9.

USFWS. 1980. Regional Briefs--Region 1 & 4. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 5, 3: 2.

USFWS. 1987. Regional News--Region 1. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 12, 8: 2-3.

Reports

Niehaus, T. 1977. Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum: Rare plant status report. California Native Plant Society. p.4.

Sanguamphai. 1989. 1988 Annual Report on the Status of California's State Listed Threatened and Endangered Plants and Animals. State of California, Department of Fish and Game.

Theses

Price, Robert Allen. 1987. Systematics Of The Erysimum capitatum Alliance (Brassicaceae) In North America. [Ph.D. Thesis]: University of California. Berkeley. 208p.


  This profile was updated on 3/4/2010
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