CPC National Collection Plant Profile
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Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii
Family: |
Apocynaceae |
Common Names: |
Jones cycladenia, Jones' cycladenia |
Author: |
(Eastw.) Welsh & Atwood |
Growth Habit: |
Perennial |
CPC
Number: |
1204 |
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Primary
custodian for this plant in the CPC National Collection of Endangered
Plants is: |
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Sylvia Torti contributed to this Plant Profile. |
Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii
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This federally threatened species is threatened by off-road vehicle activity, as well as the presence of mining claims and oil and gas leases on or adjacent to known locations of this plant. (State of Utah Natural Resources 2002)
Jones' cycladenia is a long-lived perennial herb that grows to only 10-15 cm (4-6 in) tall. Though tiny, it produces beautiful pinkish-rose flowers from mid-April to early June. Leaves are round and somewhat succulent. This species is well adapted to its habitat of mixed desert shrubs by overwintering as belowground rhizomes (roots). (Arizona Ecological Services 2002; State of Utah Natural Resources 2002)
Distribution
& Occurrence |
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State Range
Habitat
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This species exists on salt clay and gypsum soils derived from the Chinle, Cutler and Summerville formations at elevations between 4,400 and 6,000 feet elevation.
Communities where this species is found include mixed desert scrub, juniper, or wild buckwheat-Mormon tea. (Arizona Ecological Services 2002) |
Distribution
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Found in the Canyonlands region of Utah in four counties, as well as in adjacent Coconino county, Arizona. (Arizona Ecological Services 2002) |
Number Left
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There are four known locations in Utah (Grand, Emery, Kane and Garfield Counties) and one population in Coconino County, Arizona. (Arizona Ecological Services 2002). |
State/Area
Protection
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State/Area |
Rank |
Status |
Date |
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Conservation,
Ecology & Research |
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Ecological
Relationships
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• This is a rhizomatous perennial, which means that individuals reproduce by sending up new individuals from their roots.
• Sexual reproduction does not seem to be an important reproduction strategy, and pollinators are rarely seen to visit this species. |
Threats
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• Oil and mineral exploration
• Mining and tar sands development
• Global warming
• Mountain bike and off-road vehicle use
• One population threatened by natural erosion |
Current Research Summary
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• Genetic and ecological studies to estimate clone size in order to accurately determine overall population size. (Sipes et al. 1997) |
Current Management Summary
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In Utah, this species occurs on Bureau of Land Management land. |
Research Management Needs
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Developing reliable ways to estimate population size and examine the degree of inbreeding the possible reasons as to the low success of sexual reproduction.
Determine if the variety jonesii should be categorized as a separate species.
ORV use and other threats must be monitored. |
Ex Situ Needs
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The seeds of this species are difficult to germinate. Plants have extremely low seed viability. Ex situ work should focus on vegetative propagation. |
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Books (Sections)
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Tepedino, V.J. 2002. Section III. Environmental Monitoring. III.5 The Reproductive Biology of Rare Rangeland Plants and Their Vulnerability to Insecticides. Grasshoppers: Their biology, identification and management, User Handbook.
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Conference Proceedings
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Clark, D.J.; Groebner, C.M. Determining Habitat Potential and Surveying for Nine Rare Plant Species in South-Central Utah. Southwestern rare and endangered plants: proceedings of the third conference; September 25-28; Flagstaff, AZ. In: Maschinski, Joyce; Holter, Louella, editors. 2000. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO (Proceedings RMRS-P-23). p 38-43.
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Heil, K.D.; Porter, M.; Flemming, R.; Rome, W. Rare Plant Diversity Between Capital Reef National Park and Canyonlands, Arches National Parks and Bridges National Monument of Southeastern Utah. Proceedings of the Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plant Conference; 30 March - 2 April; Santa Fe, NM. In: Sivinski, R.; Lightfoot, K., editors. 1992. New Mexico Forestry and Resources Conservation Division. p 78-102.
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Hughes, L.E. Monitoring Update on Four Listed Plants on the Arizona Strip. Southwestern rare and endangered plants: proceedings of the third conference; September 25-28; Flagstaff, AZ. In: Maschinski, J.; Holter, L., editors. 2000. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO (Proceedings RMRS-P-23). p 78-82.
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Sipes, S.D.; Tepedino, V.J. Pollinator Lost? Reproduction by the Enigmatic Jones' Cycladenia Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii (Apocynaceae). Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-283. Proceedings of the Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plant Conference; September 11-14; Flagstaff, AZ. In: Maschinski, J.; Hammond, H.D.; Holter, L., editors. 1996. USDA and US Forest Service. p 158-166.
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Electronic Sources
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(2002). Rare Plant Profiles. [Searchable Web site] State of Utah Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife Resources. http://www.utahcdc.usu.edu/rsgis2/Search/SearchSelection.asp?Group=PLANT&Species=PLANT. Accessed: 2002.
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Journal Articles
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1988. Threatened and Endangered Plants Summary. Sego Lily: Newsletter of the Utah Native Plant Society. 15: 2.
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Sipes, S.D.; Wolf, P.G. 1997. Clonal structure and patterns of allozyme diversity in the rare endemic Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii (Apocynaceae). American Journal of Botany. 84, 3: 401-409.
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USFWS. 1986. Listings Become Final for Four Plants and Nine Animals. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 11, 6: 3-4.
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USFWS. 1986. Rule to Determine Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii (Jones Cycladenia) to be a Threatened Species. Federal Register. 51, 88: 16526-16530.
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Reports
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2002. General Species Information. Phoenix, Arizona: Arizona Ecological Services Field Office.
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This
profile was updated on 3/4/2010 |
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