CPC National Collection Plant Profile
|
Penstemon clutei
Family: |
Scrophulariaceae |
Common Names: |
beardtongue, sunset crater beardtongue |
Author: |
A. Nels. |
Growth Habit: |
Forb/herb |
CPC
Number: |
3221 |
|
|
|
|
Primary
custodian for this plant in the CPC National Collection of Endangered
Plants is: |
|
Joyce Maschinski, Ph.D. contributed to this Plant Profile. |
Penstemon clutei
|
Penstemon clutei is a unique species in a genus of nearly 300 species in North and Central America. Forty six of these 300 species are found in Arizona. (Lehr 1978)
Plants have one to several stems that grow up to 32 inches tall. Leaves are waxy and serrate. Bright pink tubular flowers, each with a swollen belly-like protuberance at the bottom, appear from late April through early August.
Distribution
& Occurrence |
|
State Range
Habitat
| |
Found in volcanic fields associated with the Sunset Crater eruption at 6500-8500 ft elevation (Kearney & Peebles 1973) |
Distribution
| |
Known only from the vicinity of the Sunset Crater and the Indian Flat area in Coconino County, Arizona. (Kearney & Peebles 1973; Arizona Fish and Game Department 1999) |
Number Left
| |
36 known populations; usually found as small clusters of plants in scattered pockets |
State/Area
Protection
| |
State/Area |
Rank |
Status |
Date |
|
| |
Arizona |
S2 |
|
8/1/2002 |
|
| |
Navaho Nation |
SU |
|
9/8/1986 |
|
Conservation,
Ecology & Research |
|
Ecological
Relationships
Threats
| |
Threats include:
• Off-road vehicles
• Herbivory by domestic and wild ungulate
• Timber salvage operations |
Current Research Summary
| |
Fule et al. (2001) have been studying various aspects of P. clutei biology for years. Their findings indicate that the species is disturbance-adapted and can benefit from release from competition in the wild. |
Current Management Summary
| |
The USDA Forest Service manages Penstemon clutei as a sensitive species. |
Research Management Needs
| |
• The impact of off-road vehicles on this species needs to be reduced.
• There is a need for an updated status report for this species. |
Ex Situ Needs
| |
The plant grows well in cultivation, but is relatively short-lived i.e., 3 years. |
|
Books (Single Authors)
|
|
Kearney, T.H.; Peebles, R.H. 1973. Arizona flora. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1085p.
|
|
Lehr, J.H. 1978. A Catalog of the Flora of Arizona. Phoenix, Arizona: Desert Botanical Garden. 33p.
|
|
Rutman, S. 1992. Handbook of Arizona's endangered, threatened, and candidate plants. Phoenix, Arizona: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
|
|
Books (Sections)
|
|
Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the U.S., Canada, and Greenland. In: Kartesz, J.T.; Meacham, C.A., editors. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden. Chapel Hill, NC.
|
|
Conference Proceedings
|
|
Crisp, D.L. Monitoring of Penstemon clutei A. Nels on Tornado Salvage. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-283. Proceedings of the Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plant Conference; September 11-14; Flagstaff, AZ. In: Maschinski, J.; Hammond, H.D.; Holter, L., editors. 1996. USDA and US Forest Service. p 243-246.
|
|
Fule, P.Z.; Springer, J.D.; Huffman, D.W.; Covington, W.W. Response of a Rare Endemic, Penstemon clutei, to Burning and Reduced Belowground Competition. Southwestern rare and endangered plants: proceedings of the third conference; September 25-28; Flagstaff, AZ. In: Maschinski, Joyce; Holter, Louella, editors. 2000. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO (Proceedings RMRS-P-23). p 139-152.
|
|
Electronic Sources
|
|
Arizona Game and Fish Department. (1999). Plant Abstracts. Compiled and edited by the Heritage Data Management System, Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, AZ. http://www.gf.state.az.us/frames/fishwild/hdms_site/Abstracts/Plants/abstracts%20-%20plants.htm. Accessed: 2002.
|
|
Journal Articles
|
|
Clokey, I.W.; Keck, D.D. 1939. Reconsideration of certain members of Penstemon subsection spectabilis. Bulletin of Southern California Academy of Science. 38: 9-13.
|
|
Reports
|
|
Fletcher, R. 1979. Penstemon clutei. Flagstaff, Arizona: Unpublished status report for U.S. Forest Service.
|
|
Goodwin, G. 1979. Observations on Penstemon clutei on the Coconino National Forest. Flagstaff, Arizona: Unpublished report for the Coconino National Forest.
|
|
Phillips, A.M., III. 1991. Summary of mitigation measures for Penstemon clutei Transwestern natural gas pipeline, Loop G. Flagstaff, Arizona: Unpublished report for SWCA Environmental Consultants.
|
|
Phillips, A.M., III; Murov, M.; van Ommeren, R. 1992. Unpublished final report, distribution and ecology of Sunset Crater Beardtongue (Penstemon clutei) in the Cinder Hills area, Coconino National Forest, Flagstaff, Arizona. For Coconino National Forest.
|
|
|
|
This
profile was updated on 3/4/2010 |
|