CPC National Collection Plant Profile
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Epithelantha bokei
Family: |
Cactaceae |
Common Name: |
button-cactus |
Author: |
L. Benson |
Growth Habit: |
Shrub |
CPC
Number: |
1610 |
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Primary
custodian for this plant in the CPC National Collection of Endangered
Plants is: |
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Kathleen C. Rice contributed to this Plant Profile. |
Epithelantha bokei
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Epithelantha bokei is a beautiful, low growing cactus covered so densely with hair-spines that plants appear completely white. These cacti are partially submerged in the ground, with 2-3 cm of stem height above ground level (Correll and Johnson 1970). During drought periods, plants draw back down to ground level to conserve moisture. Flowers are a pale pink, very delicate and appear in July. Fruits are smooth, approximately 1 cm long and bright red.
Distribution
& Occurrence |
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State Range
Habitat
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Plants can be found in locally dense groups on rocky, gravelly rounded limestone hilltops (USFWS 1983). Plants favor rocky, gravelly soils on flat areas (USFWS 1983). |
Distribution
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Plants occurrences are scattered throughout the Brewster/Sanderson County area. |
Number Left
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At this time, only sixteen sites have been documented (USFWS 1983). |
State/Area
Protection
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State/Area |
Rank |
Status |
Date |
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| |
Mexico |
*FR83 |
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8/26/1988 |
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Texas |
S2 |
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12/16/1987 |
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Conservation,
Ecology & Research |
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Ecological
Relationships
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Plants are associated closely with soil derived from only two or three types of specific limestone substrate (USFWS 1983). |
Threats
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Threats to known occurrences include illegal collection and habitat degradation due to overgrazing and development (USFWS 1983). |
Current Research Summary
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Desert Botanical Garden has over 100 of these plants in cultivation and has produced 2,000 seeds from these plants. (Desert Botanical Garden 2000) |
Current Management Summary
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Management strategy varies from restriction of access to populations on private land, to none. Plants at Big
Bend National Park have suffered the recent impacts of illegal collecting. |
Research Management Needs
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Additional surveys for new or historical populations are needed, especially in Mexico. |
Ex Situ Needs
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More plants should be offered through horticultural trade to reduce wild collection pressure. |
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Books (Single Authors)
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Correll, D.S.; Johnston, M.C. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas. Renner: Texas Research Foundation. 1881p.
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Kartesz, J.T. 1993. Species distribution data for vascular plants of 70 geographical areas, from unpublished data files at the North Carolina Botanical Garden.
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Kartesz, J.T. 1996. Species distribution data at state and province level for vascular plant taxa of the United States, Canada, and Greenland (accepted records), from unpublished data files at the North Carolina Botanical Garden.
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Books (Sections)
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Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the U.S., Canada, and Greenland. In: Kartesz, J.T.; Meacham, C.A., editors. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden. Chapel Hill, NC.
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Electronic Sources
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(2000). Center for Plant Conservation's National Living Collection--Profiles. Desert Botanical Garden. http://www.dbg.org/Collections/cpc.html. Accessed: 2002.
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(2002). Botany: Investigator's Annual Reports. The National Park Service: Big Bend National Park. http://www.nps.gov/bibe/iar/botany.htm. Accessed: 2002.
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Journal Articles
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Figueira, J.E.C; Vasconcellos, N.J., Garcia, M.A.; Souza, A.L.T . 1994. Saurochory in Melocactus violaceus (Cactaceae). Biotropica. 26, 3: 295-301.
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Nobel, P.S.; Geller, G.N.; Kee, S.C.; Zimmerman, A.D. 1986. temperatures and thermal tolerances for cacti exposed to high temperatures near the soil surface. Plant, Cell & Environment. 9, 4: 279-288.
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USFWS. 1983. Review of plant taxa for listing as endangered or threatened species. Federal Register. 48, 229: 53640-53670.
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This
profile was updated on 3/4/2010 |
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